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Abstract
Hyptis suaveolens (L.) Poit. is a medicinal plant with promising potential; however, its cytotoxic activity has not been investigated in Vietnam, particularly in Hue City. This study aimed to analyze the morphological and anatomical characteristics, chemical composition, and cytotoxic activity of essential oil extracted from the aerial parts of H. suaveolens collected in Huong Long Ward, Phu Xuan District, Hue City. Morphological and anatomical features were examined using double-staining techniques and light microscopy; essential oil was extracted by steam distillation, its chemical constituents were identified using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and cytotoxicity was evaluated on HepG2, A549, and MCF7 cancer cell lines. The botanical characteristics of H. suaveolens from Hue were consistent with those reported in other regions. A total of 33 compounds accounting for 80,26% of the essential oil were identified, with sesquiterpenes (30,98%) and monoterpenes (30,91%) being predominant. The major components were (E)-caryophyllene (18,34%) and 1,8-cineole (18,08%). The essential oil exhibited cytotoxic activity against cancer cell lines with IC₅₀ values of 10,94, 11,77, and 9,50 µg/mL, respectively. This study provides the first report on the botanical features, chemical composition, and cytotoxic potential of H. suaveolens essential oil in Vietnam.
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How to Cite
Hoang Xuan Huyen Trang, Lê Khanh Dang, Nguyen Viet Thang, Thai Minh Trí, Le Van Tru, & Doan Quốc Tuấn. (2025). Botanical characteristics, chemical composition, and cytotoxic activity of essential oil from Hyptis suaveolens (L.) Poit. in Hue city. E-Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 9(2), 4937–4948. https://doi.org/10.46826/huaf-jasat.v9n2y2025.1242
Section
NATURAL RESOURCES - ENVIRONMENT
Copyright @ 2017-2025 by E-Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology
References
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Võ Văn Lẹo và Trần Ngọc Tín. (2022). Đặc điểm thực vật học cây tía tô dại (Hyptis suaveolens L. (Poit.), họ bạc hà (Lamiaceae). Tạp chí Y học Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh, 26(02), 10-18.
Vũ Thị Thu Lê, Trần Huy Thái, Nguyễn Thị Hiền, Trịnh Xuân Thành, Đinh Thị Thu Thủy và Trần Thị Tuyến. (2023). Thành phần hoá học của tnh dầu phần trên mặt đất é lớn tròng (Hyptis suaveolens (L.) Poit. và é hình thoi (Hyptis rhomboidea Mart Et Gal.) ở Việt Nam. TNU Journal of Science and Technology, 228(13), 351-357. DOI:10.34238/tnu-jst.7666
Vũ Xuân Phương. ( 2000). Thực vật chí Việt Nam - Flora of Vietnam (Vol. 2). Hà Nội: Nhà Xuất Bản Khoa học và Kỹ thuật.
Nguyễn Viết Thân. (2003). Kiểm nghiệm dược liệu bằng phương pháp hiển vi: Nhà xuất bản Khoa học và Kĩ thuật.
Nguyễn Nghĩa Thìn. (2007). Các phương pháp nghiên cứu thực vật: Nhà xuất bản Đại học Quốc gia Hà Nội.
Adams, R. P. (2017). Identification of essential oil components by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Carol Stream, Illinois: Allured Publishing.
Fahn, A. (1990). Plant Anatomy: Pergamon Press.
Imade, R., Ayinde, B., Choudhary, M. & Alam, A. (2021). Chemical composition and anticancer effects of Hyptis suaveolens L. Poit. (Lamiaceae) volatile oil. Nigerian Journal of Natural Products and Medicine, 25(1), 64-69. DOI:10.4314/njnpm.v25i1.6
Joy, B., Omanakutty, M. & Mathew, M. (2008). Antibacterial effects and chemical composition of the essential oil of Hyptis suaveolens Poit leaves. Journal of Essential Oil Bearing Plants, 11(4), 384-390. DOI:10.1080/0972060X.2008.10643644
Joy, B., Omanakutty, M. & Mathew, M. (2008). Chemical composition of the essential oil of Hyptis suaveolens Poit leaves from Senegal. World Journal of Organic Chemistry, 10(1), 1-3.
Juergens, U. (2014). Anti-inflammatory properties of the monoterpene 1.8-cineole: current evidence for co-medication in inflammatory airway diseases. Drug research, 64(12), 638-646. DOI:10.1055/s-0034-1372609
Legault, J. & Pichette, A. (2007). Potentiating effect of β‐caryophyllene on anticancer activity of α‐humulene, isocaryophyllene and paclitaxel. Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, 59(12), 1643-1647. doi:https://doi.org/10.1211/jpp.59.12.0005
Malele, R., Mutayabarwa, C., Mwangi, J., Thoithi, G., Lopez, A., Lucini, E. I. & Zygadlo, J. A. (2003). Essential oil of Hyptis suaveolens (L.) Poit. from Tanzania: Composition and antifungal activity. Journal of Essential Oil Research, 15(6), 438-440. DOI:10.1080/10412905.2003.9698633
Monks, A., Scudiero, D., Skehan, P., Shoemaker, R., Paull, K., Vistica, D., Hose, C., Langley, J., Cronise, P., Vaigro-Wolff, A., Gray-Goodrich, M., Campbell, H., Mayo, J. & Boyd, M. (1991). Feasibility of a high-flux anticancer drug screen using a diverse panel of cultured human tumor cell lines. Journal of the National Cancer Institute, 83(11), 757-766. DOI:10.1093/jnci/83.11.757
Moreira, A. C. P., Carmo, E. S., Wanderley, P. A., da Souza, E. L., & da Oliveira Lima, E. (2013). Inhibitory effect of the essential oil from Hyptis suaveolens (L.) Poit on the growth and aflatoxins synthesis of Aspergillus flavus. Journal of Life Sciences, 7(3), 276-281.
Murata, S., Shiragami, R., Kosugi, C., Tezuka, T., Yamazaki, M., Hirano, A., Yoshimura, Y., Suzuki, M., Shuto, K., & Ohkohchi, N. (2013). Antitumor effect of 1, 8-cineole against colon cancer. Oncology reports, 30(6), 2647-2652. doi:https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2013.2763
Oscar, S.-A., Antonio, C.-N., Marina, G.-V., Elsa, R.-S., & Gabriel, V.-A. (2020). Phytochemical screening, antioxidant activity and in vitro biological evaluation of leave extracts of Hyptis suaveolens (L.) from south of Mexico. South African Journal of Botany, 128, 62-66. DOI:10.1016/j.sajb.2019.10.016
Panwar, D. (2024). Exploring the phytochemical and pharmacological properties of Hyptis suaveolens L. in experimental models. American Journal Of Biomedical Science & Pharmaceutical Innovation, 4(11), 8-14.
Poonkodi, K., Karthika, J., Tamilselvi, V., Anitha, R., & Vasanthamani, S. (2017). Chemical composition of essential oil of Hyptis suaveolens (L.) Poit. and its invitro anticancer activity. Journal of Pharmacy Research, 11(5), 410-413.
Tachakittirungrod, S., & Chowwanapoonpohn, S. (2007). Comparison of antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of essential oils from Hyptis suaveolens and Alpinia galanga growing in Northern Thailand. Chiang Mai University Journal of Natural Sciences, 6(1), 31-41.
Umberto Quattrocchi. (2014). CRC world dictionary of medicinal and poisonous plants: common names, scientific names, eponyms, synonyms, and etymology Boca Raton, Florida, USA: CRC Press.
Wu, Z., Raven, P. H., & Garden, M. B. (1994). Flora of China (Vol. 17). Beijing: Science Press.
Xu, D.-H., Huang, Y.-S., Jiang, D.-Q., & Yuan, K. (2013). The essential oils chemical compositions and antimicrobial, antioxidant activities and toxicity of three Hyptis species. Pharmaceutical Biology, 51(9), 1125-1130. DOI:10.3109/13880209.2013.781195
Bộ Y Tế. (2017). Dược điển Việt Nam V: Nhà Xuất Bản Y học
Võ Văn Lẹo và Trần Ngọc Tín. (2022). Đặc điểm thực vật học cây tía tô dại (Hyptis suaveolens L. (Poit.), họ bạc hà (Lamiaceae). Tạp chí Y học Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh, 26(02), 10-18.
Vũ Thị Thu Lê, Trần Huy Thái, Nguyễn Thị Hiền, Trịnh Xuân Thành, Đinh Thị Thu Thủy và Trần Thị Tuyến. (2023). Thành phần hoá học của tnh dầu phần trên mặt đất é lớn tròng (Hyptis suaveolens (L.) Poit. và é hình thoi (Hyptis rhomboidea Mart Et Gal.) ở Việt Nam. TNU Journal of Science and Technology, 228(13), 351-357. DOI:10.34238/tnu-jst.7666
Vũ Xuân Phương. ( 2000). Thực vật chí Việt Nam - Flora of Vietnam (Vol. 2). Hà Nội: Nhà Xuất Bản Khoa học và Kỹ thuật.
Nguyễn Viết Thân. (2003). Kiểm nghiệm dược liệu bằng phương pháp hiển vi: Nhà xuất bản Khoa học và Kĩ thuật.
Nguyễn Nghĩa Thìn. (2007). Các phương pháp nghiên cứu thực vật: Nhà xuất bản Đại học Quốc gia Hà Nội.
Adams, R. P. (2017). Identification of essential oil components by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Carol Stream, Illinois: Allured Publishing.
Fahn, A. (1990). Plant Anatomy: Pergamon Press.
Imade, R., Ayinde, B., Choudhary, M. & Alam, A. (2021). Chemical composition and anticancer effects of Hyptis suaveolens L. Poit. (Lamiaceae) volatile oil. Nigerian Journal of Natural Products and Medicine, 25(1), 64-69. DOI:10.4314/njnpm.v25i1.6
Joy, B., Omanakutty, M. & Mathew, M. (2008). Antibacterial effects and chemical composition of the essential oil of Hyptis suaveolens Poit leaves. Journal of Essential Oil Bearing Plants, 11(4), 384-390. DOI:10.1080/0972060X.2008.10643644
Joy, B., Omanakutty, M. & Mathew, M. (2008). Chemical composition of the essential oil of Hyptis suaveolens Poit leaves from Senegal. World Journal of Organic Chemistry, 10(1), 1-3.
Juergens, U. (2014). Anti-inflammatory properties of the monoterpene 1.8-cineole: current evidence for co-medication in inflammatory airway diseases. Drug research, 64(12), 638-646. DOI:10.1055/s-0034-1372609
Legault, J. & Pichette, A. (2007). Potentiating effect of β‐caryophyllene on anticancer activity of α‐humulene, isocaryophyllene and paclitaxel. Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, 59(12), 1643-1647. doi:https://doi.org/10.1211/jpp.59.12.0005
Malele, R., Mutayabarwa, C., Mwangi, J., Thoithi, G., Lopez, A., Lucini, E. I. & Zygadlo, J. A. (2003). Essential oil of Hyptis suaveolens (L.) Poit. from Tanzania: Composition and antifungal activity. Journal of Essential Oil Research, 15(6), 438-440. DOI:10.1080/10412905.2003.9698633
Monks, A., Scudiero, D., Skehan, P., Shoemaker, R., Paull, K., Vistica, D., Hose, C., Langley, J., Cronise, P., Vaigro-Wolff, A., Gray-Goodrich, M., Campbell, H., Mayo, J. & Boyd, M. (1991). Feasibility of a high-flux anticancer drug screen using a diverse panel of cultured human tumor cell lines. Journal of the National Cancer Institute, 83(11), 757-766. DOI:10.1093/jnci/83.11.757
Moreira, A. C. P., Carmo, E. S., Wanderley, P. A., da Souza, E. L., & da Oliveira Lima, E. (2013). Inhibitory effect of the essential oil from Hyptis suaveolens (L.) Poit on the growth and aflatoxins synthesis of Aspergillus flavus. Journal of Life Sciences, 7(3), 276-281.
Murata, S., Shiragami, R., Kosugi, C., Tezuka, T., Yamazaki, M., Hirano, A., Yoshimura, Y., Suzuki, M., Shuto, K., & Ohkohchi, N. (2013). Antitumor effect of 1, 8-cineole against colon cancer. Oncology reports, 30(6), 2647-2652. doi:https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2013.2763
Oscar, S.-A., Antonio, C.-N., Marina, G.-V., Elsa, R.-S., & Gabriel, V.-A. (2020). Phytochemical screening, antioxidant activity and in vitro biological evaluation of leave extracts of Hyptis suaveolens (L.) from south of Mexico. South African Journal of Botany, 128, 62-66. DOI:10.1016/j.sajb.2019.10.016
Panwar, D. (2024). Exploring the phytochemical and pharmacological properties of Hyptis suaveolens L. in experimental models. American Journal Of Biomedical Science & Pharmaceutical Innovation, 4(11), 8-14.
Poonkodi, K., Karthika, J., Tamilselvi, V., Anitha, R., & Vasanthamani, S. (2017). Chemical composition of essential oil of Hyptis suaveolens (L.) Poit. and its invitro anticancer activity. Journal of Pharmacy Research, 11(5), 410-413.
Tachakittirungrod, S., & Chowwanapoonpohn, S. (2007). Comparison of antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of essential oils from Hyptis suaveolens and Alpinia galanga growing in Northern Thailand. Chiang Mai University Journal of Natural Sciences, 6(1), 31-41.
Umberto Quattrocchi. (2014). CRC world dictionary of medicinal and poisonous plants: common names, scientific names, eponyms, synonyms, and etymology Boca Raton, Florida, USA: CRC Press.
Wu, Z., Raven, P. H., & Garden, M. B. (1994). Flora of China (Vol. 17). Beijing: Science Press.
Xu, D.-H., Huang, Y.-S., Jiang, D.-Q., & Yuan, K. (2013). The essential oils chemical compositions and antimicrobial, antioxidant activities and toxicity of three Hyptis species. Pharmaceutical Biology, 51(9), 1125-1130. DOI:10.3109/13880209.2013.781195