Ảnh hưởng của loại gốc ghép và số chồi ghép đến khả năng mang hai trái/ cây, sự sinh trưởng, năng suất và chất lượng của dưa lê (Cucumis melo L.) tại thành phố Cần Thơ

Abstract

The experiment was conducted from September to November 2024 at the greenhouse of Can Tho Technical Economic College. The aim was to determine the effect of rootstock type and number of scions on the production of two fruits per melon, and to evaluate the growth, yield, and quality of melon fruits. The experiment was arranged in a completely randomized design with two factors and three replications, resulting in six treatments. The factors were rootstock type and the number of scions. Factor A: Rootstock type (rootstocks of Cucumis melo L. var conomon (Thunb) Makino and Benincasa hispida (Thunb) Cogn); Factor B: Number of scions (no grafting - control, 1 grafted shoot, and 2 grafted shoots). The results showed that there is no interaction between the two factors: rootstock type and number of grafted scions. Firstly, in terms of rootstocks: resulted in no significant differences in growth, yield, or fruit quality. Moreover, in terms of the number of grafted scions: grafting with one scion produced the highest efficiency, namely with 35% of plants bearing two harvestable fruits per plant. This treatment achieved the best performance in yield components and overall yield, with an average fruit weight of 2.38 kg/fruit, fruit height of 24.5 cm, fruit circumference of 52.5 cm, and yield of 39.7 tons/ha. Grafting 2 scions resulted in the highest rate of plants bearing 2 fruits for harvest per plant (55%). Grafting 1 and 2 scions showed equivalent fruit quality in terms of Brix degree (14.4%) and flesh thickness (3.38 cm), achieving higher effectiveness compared to the control (non-grafted).