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Abstract
The study aimed to determine efficiency of nitrogen (N)-fixing purple non-sulfur bacteria (N-PNSB) to improve the rice yield and growth during the Spring-Summer season in rice-shrimp soil collected from Thoi Binh - Ca Mau, and An Bien - Kien Giang under greenhouse condition. A two-level factorial experiment was arranged in randomized complete blocks, factor A was the levels of N fertilizer (100, 75, 50, and 0% according to the recommended formula: 100 N - 60 P2O5 - 30 K2O) and factor B was the N-PNSB, Rhodobacter sphaeroides (no bacteria, single use of Rhodobacter sphaeroides S01, single use of Rhodobacter sphaeroides S06, and combined use of Rhodobacter sphaeroides S01+S06) with four replicates each of which was 8 plants pot-1. The results showed that supplying Rhodobacter sphaeroides S01 and S06 improved the growth and yield rice in saline soils of a rice-shrimp farm, with increases of plant height (4.90 - 7.29%), panicle length (7.52 - 9.52%), panicle number pot-1 (28.5 - 44.0%), grain number panicle-1 (11.1-17.3%), filled grain ratio (5.06 -10.4%), and grain yield (18.3 - 32.1%) in Thoi Binh - Ca Mau; improved the rice plant height (7.11 - 17.1%), panicle length (8.37 - 14.5%), panicle number pot-1 (2.30 - 10.3%), grain number panicle-1 (6.80 - 23.2%), filled grain ratio (21.1 - 30.1%), and grain yield (28.0 - 53.5%) in An Bien - Kien Giang.
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How to Cite
Nguyen Hoang Anh, Le Thi Tuyet Huong, Vo Yen Ngoc, Le Thị Mỹ Thu, Nguyen Duc Trong, Tran Trong Khoi Nguyen, & Nguyen Quoc Khuong. (2025). Effect of nitrogen-fixing purple non-sulfur bacteria to improve rice growth and yield during the Spring-Summer season in rice-shrimp soil under greenhouse condition. E-Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 9(3), 5014–5022. https://doi.org/10.46826/huaf-jasat.v9n3y2025.1252
Section
PLANTS
Copyright @ 2017-2025 by E-Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology
References
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Elsas, J. D. van, Jack T. Trevors, Alexandre Soares Rosado, & Paolo Nannipieri. (2019). Modern Soil Microbiology, Third Edition, Taylor & Francis.
Hu, J., Guan, X., Liang, X., Wang, B., Chen, X., He, X., ... & Chen, J. (2024). Optimizing the nitrogen fertilizer management to maximize the benefit of straw returning on early rice yield by modulating soil N availability. Agriculture, 14(7), 1168.
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Khuong, N. Q., Minh, D. P. T., Thu, L. T. M., & Thuc, L. V. (2023b). The potential of bacterial strains of Luteovulum sphaeroides W22 and W47 for producing δ-aminolevulinic acid to improve soil quality, growth and yield of saline-irrigated rice cultivated in salt-contaminated soil. Agronomy, 13(5), 1409.
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Khuong, N. Q., Trong, N. D., Quang, L. T., Xuan, L. N. T., & Phong, N. T. (2024). The potency of a liquid biofertilizer containing bacterial strains of Rhodopseudomonas spp. on recovery of soil properties damaged by Al3+ and Fe2+ toxins and enhancement of rice yield in acid sulfate soil. International Journal of Phytoremediation, 26(4), 535-545.
Lee, S. K., Lur, H. S., & Liu, C. T. (2021). From lab to farm: Elucidating the beneficial roles of photosynthetic bacteria in sustainable agriculture. Microorganisms, 9(12), 2453.
Maeda, I. (2021). Potential of phototrophic purple nonsulfur bacteria to fix nitrogen in rice fields. Microorganisms, 10(1), 28.
Nookongbut, P., Kantachote, D., Khuong, N. Q., Sukhoom, A., Tantirungkij, M., & Limtong, S. (2019). Selection of acid-resistant purple nonsulfur bacteria from peat swamp forests to apply as biofertilizers and biocontrol agents. Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, 19, 488-500.
Pruthi, R., Puram, V. R. R., Ontoy, J., & Subudhi, P. K. (2022). Genetics of yield component traits under salt stress at flowering stage and selection of salt tolerant pre-breeding lines for rice improvement. Genetica, 150(5), 273-288.
Rodríguez Coca, L. I., García González, M. T., Gil Unday, Z., Jiménez Hernández, J., Rodríguez Jáuregui, M. M., & Fernández Cancio, Y. (2023). Effects of sodium salinity on rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivation: A review. Sustainability, 15(3), 1804.
Rosado, S. I. P., Santos, J. Z. L., Saraiva, I. S. D. A., dos Santos, N. J. R., Barbosa, T. M. B., & Araujo, J. L. (2023). Nitrate/ammonium ratios and nitrogen deficiency impact on nutrient absorption and photosynthetic efficiency of Cedrela odorata. Nitrogen, 5(1), 1-15.
Sakarika, M., Spanoghe, J., Sui, Y., Wambacq, E., Grunert, O., Haesaert, G., Spiller, M., Vlaeminck, S. E. (2020). Purple non-sulphur bacteria and plant production: Benefits for fertilization, stress resistance and the environment. Microbial Biotechnology, 13, 1336–1365.
Shan, Y. K., Sundar, L. S., & Chao, Y. Y. (2022). Foliar application of rhodopseudomonas palustris enhances the rice crop growth and yield under field conditions. Plants, 11, 2452.
Shrestha, J., Kandel, M., Subedi, S., Shah, K.K., (2020). Role of nutrients in rice (Oryza sativa L.): A review. Agrica, 9(1), 53-62
Sundar, L. S., Chang, Y. T., & Chao, Y. Y. (2024). Investigating the efficacy of purple non-sulfur bacteria (PNSB) inoculation on djulis (Chenopodium Formosanum Koidz.) growth, yield, and maturity period modulation. Plant and Soil, 496(1), 289-317.
Wang, B., Zhou, G., Guo, S., Li, X., Yuan, J., & Hu, A. (2022). Improving nitrogen use efficiency in rice for sustainable agriculture: strategies and future perspectives. Life, 12(10), 1653.
Xu, X., Gao, Z., Wu, X., & Chen, X. (2023). Light and oxygen facilitating the directly treatment food wastewater and poly-β-hydroxybutyrate, 5-aminolevulinic acid, pigment productions by Rubrivivax gelatinosus. Water Science Technology, 87, 1367–1375.
Nguyễn Ngọc Đệ. (2008). Giáo trình cây lúa. NXB Đại học Quốc gia, Hồ Chí Minh. 141-144.
Ali, B., Hafeez, A., Javed, M. A., Afridi, M. S., Abbasi, H. A., Qayyum, A., Batool, T., Ullah, A., Marc, R. A., Jaouni, S. K., Alkhalifah, D. H. M., & Selim, S. (2022). Role of endophytic bacteria in salinity stress amelioration by physiological and molecular mechanisms of defense: A comprehensive review. South African Journal of Botany, 151, 33-46.
Alshiekheid, M. A., Dwiningsih, Y., & Alkahtani, J. (2023). Analysis of morphological, physiological, and biochemical traits of salt stress tolerance in Asian rice cultivars at different stages. Stresses, 3(4), 717-735.
Anh, N. H., Xuan, L. N. T., & Khuong, N. Q. (2024). Nitrogen-Fixing Purple Nonsulfur Bacteria Originating from Acid Saline Soils of a Rice-Shrimp Farm: Nitrogen-Fixing Purple Nonsulfur Bacteria”, Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Research, 7(1), 14-28.
Chi, T. T. N., Anh, T. T. T., Paris, T., Duy, L., Loan, D. T., & Lang, N. T. (2015). Farmers’ feedback on rice varieties tested under farmer-managed trials. Omonrice, 20, 93-108.
Dung, T.D., Thuc, P.T.B., Park, E., Hang, P.T.T., Man, D.B., & Wang, J. 2024. Extent of saltwater intrusion and freshwater exploitability in the coastal Vietnamese Mekong delta assessed by gauging records and numerical simulations. Journal of Hydrology, 630,130655.
Elkelish, A. A., Soliman, M. H., Alhaithloul, H. A., & El-Esawi, M. A. (2019). Selenium protects wheat seedlings against salt stress-mediated oxidative damage by up-regulating antioxidants and osmolytes metabolism. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, 137, 144-153.
Elsas, J. D. van, Jack T. Trevors, Alexandre Soares Rosado, & Paolo Nannipieri. (2019). Modern Soil Microbiology, Third Edition, Taylor & Francis.
Hu, J., Guan, X., Liang, X., Wang, B., Chen, X., He, X., ... & Chen, J. (2024). Optimizing the nitrogen fertilizer management to maximize the benefit of straw returning on early rice yield by modulating soil N availability. Agriculture, 14(7), 1168.
IRRI (1996). Standard evaluation system for rice. International Network for Genetic Evaluation of Rice (4th ed.). IRRI. Manila, Philipines.
Iwai, R., Uchida, S., Yamaguchi, S., Sonoda, F., Tsunoda, K., Nagata, H., Nagata, D., Koga, A., Goto, M., Maki, T., Hayashi, S., Yamamoto, S., & Miyasaka, H. (2022). Effects of seed bio-priming by purple non-sulfur bacteria (PNSB) on the root development of rice. Microorganisms, 10(11), 2197.
Khuong, N. Q., Kantachote, D, Dung, N. T. T., Huu, T. N., Thuc, V. L., Thu, L. T. M. and Xuan, L. N. T. (2023a). Potential of potent purple nonsulfur bacteria isolated from rice-shrimp systems to ameliorate rice (Oryza sativa L.) growth and yield in saline acid sulfate soil. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 46(3), 473-494
Khuong, N. Q., Minh, D. P. T., Thu, L. T. M., & Thuc, L. V. (2023b). The potential of bacterial strains of Luteovulum sphaeroides W22 and W47 for producing δ-aminolevulinic acid to improve soil quality, growth and yield of saline-irrigated rice cultivated in salt-contaminated soil. Agronomy, 13(5), 1409.
Khuong, N. Q., Nhat, N. M., Thu, L. T. M., & Thuc, L. V. (2024a). Influence of purple non-sulfur bacterial augmentation on soil nutrient dynamics and rice (Oryza sativa) growth in acidic saline-stressed environments. Life & Environment, 12, e16943.
Khuong, N. Q., Sakpirom, J., Oanh, T. O., Thuc, L. V., Thu, L. T. M., Xuan, D. T., Quang, L. T., & Xuan, L. N. T. (2023c). Isolation and characterization of novel potassium-solubilizing purple nonsulfur bacteria from acidic paddy soils using culture-dependent and culture-independent techniques. Brazilian Journal of Microbiology, 54(3), 2333-2348.
Khuong, N. Q., Trong, N. D., Quang, L. T., Xuan, L. N. T., & Phong, N. T. (2024). The potency of a liquid biofertilizer containing bacterial strains of Rhodopseudomonas spp. on recovery of soil properties damaged by Al3+ and Fe2+ toxins and enhancement of rice yield in acid sulfate soil. International Journal of Phytoremediation, 26(4), 535-545.
Lee, S. K., Lur, H. S., & Liu, C. T. (2021). From lab to farm: Elucidating the beneficial roles of photosynthetic bacteria in sustainable agriculture. Microorganisms, 9(12), 2453.
Maeda, I. (2021). Potential of phototrophic purple nonsulfur bacteria to fix nitrogen in rice fields. Microorganisms, 10(1), 28.
Nookongbut, P., Kantachote, D., Khuong, N. Q., Sukhoom, A., Tantirungkij, M., & Limtong, S. (2019). Selection of acid-resistant purple nonsulfur bacteria from peat swamp forests to apply as biofertilizers and biocontrol agents. Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, 19, 488-500.
Pruthi, R., Puram, V. R. R., Ontoy, J., & Subudhi, P. K. (2022). Genetics of yield component traits under salt stress at flowering stage and selection of salt tolerant pre-breeding lines for rice improvement. Genetica, 150(5), 273-288.
Rodríguez Coca, L. I., García González, M. T., Gil Unday, Z., Jiménez Hernández, J., Rodríguez Jáuregui, M. M., & Fernández Cancio, Y. (2023). Effects of sodium salinity on rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivation: A review. Sustainability, 15(3), 1804.
Rosado, S. I. P., Santos, J. Z. L., Saraiva, I. S. D. A., dos Santos, N. J. R., Barbosa, T. M. B., & Araujo, J. L. (2023). Nitrate/ammonium ratios and nitrogen deficiency impact on nutrient absorption and photosynthetic efficiency of Cedrela odorata. Nitrogen, 5(1), 1-15.
Sakarika, M., Spanoghe, J., Sui, Y., Wambacq, E., Grunert, O., Haesaert, G., Spiller, M., Vlaeminck, S. E. (2020). Purple non-sulphur bacteria and plant production: Benefits for fertilization, stress resistance and the environment. Microbial Biotechnology, 13, 1336–1365.
Shan, Y. K., Sundar, L. S., & Chao, Y. Y. (2022). Foliar application of rhodopseudomonas palustris enhances the rice crop growth and yield under field conditions. Plants, 11, 2452.
Shrestha, J., Kandel, M., Subedi, S., Shah, K.K., (2020). Role of nutrients in rice (Oryza sativa L.): A review. Agrica, 9(1), 53-62
Sundar, L. S., Chang, Y. T., & Chao, Y. Y. (2024). Investigating the efficacy of purple non-sulfur bacteria (PNSB) inoculation on djulis (Chenopodium Formosanum Koidz.) growth, yield, and maturity period modulation. Plant and Soil, 496(1), 289-317.
Wang, B., Zhou, G., Guo, S., Li, X., Yuan, J., & Hu, A. (2022). Improving nitrogen use efficiency in rice for sustainable agriculture: strategies and future perspectives. Life, 12(10), 1653.
Xu, X., Gao, Z., Wu, X., & Chen, X. (2023). Light and oxygen facilitating the directly treatment food wastewater and poly-β-hydroxybutyrate, 5-aminolevulinic acid, pigment productions by Rubrivivax gelatinosus. Water Science Technology, 87, 1367–1375.