Tối ưu hóa biện pháp kỹ thuật canh tác cho giống lúa đặc sản Khẩu Tan Đón (Oryza sativa L.) nhằm nâng cao năng suất trong điều kiện biến đổi khí hậu tại khu vực miền núi phía bắc Việt Nam

Abstract

The Khau Tan Don glutinous rice variety is valued for its soft texture, pleasant aroma, and high eating quality, however, it is still mainly cultivated with traditional practices, resulting in suboptimal yield. This study aimed to assess the effects of planting time, planting density, and fertilizer application on the yield of this variety. A randomized complete block design was used with three experiments: (i) Planting time (1 July, 10 July, 20 July); (ii) Planting density (25, 30, 35, and 40 hills/m²); and (iii) Fertilizer application consisting of 01 ton organic bio-fertilizer + 60 kg P₂O₅ + 50 kg K₂O combined with 45, 60, or 75 kg N. Each treatment was replicated three times. Results indicated that transplanting on 10 July, with a density of 35 – 40 hills/m² and a fertilizer rate of 01 ton organic bio-fertilizer + 60 – 75 kg N + 60 kg P₂O₅ + 50 kg K₂O, produced the highest actual yield of 4.4 – 5.0 t/ha. These findings provide a basis for optimizing cultivation practices, improving yield stability, and supporting the conservation and sustainable development of this specialty rice variety under changing climate conditions.