Tác động môi trường, tăng trưởng và tích lũy dinh dưỡng của mô hình nuôi ghép tôm chân trắng (Litopenaeus vannamei Boone, 1931) và cá dìa (Siganus guttatus Bloch, 1787)

Abstract

This study evaluated the impacts of a polyculture of whiteleg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) and golden rabbitfish (Siganus guttatus) on water quality, growth performance, and nitrogen and phosphorus retention. Shrimp and fish juveniles (0.50 ± 0.02 g and 1.51 ± 0.04 g, respectively) were stocked in nine concrete tanks (capacity of 5 m³) at a biomass of 260.0 g per tank. The experiment consisted of three treatments: whiteleg shrimp monoculture (ĐT), shrimp–rabbitfish polyculture (GTC), and rabbitfish monoculture (ĐD), each with three replicates. After 75 days, results showed that polyculture reduced NH₃, NO₂⁻, and PO₄³⁻ concentrations in cultured water. Moreover, the growth performance of whiteleg shrimp in the polyculture treatment was significantly improved compared to the shrimp monoculture (p < 0.05). In addition, polyculture enhanced nitrogen and phosphorus retention more effectively than the two monoculture treatments (p < 0.05). These findings confirm that whiteleg shrimp can be co-cultured with golden rabbitfish at stocking densities of 80 shrimp/m³ and 8 fish/m³, respectively, to improve water quality, growth, and nutrient retention, thereby contributing to pollution mitigation and promoting environmentally sustainable aquaculture.