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Abstract
The survey aimed to investigate the infectious diseases caused by Parvovirus and Coronavirus in dogs at the K9 Veterinary Clinic in District 7, Ho Chi Minh City. Canine Coronavirus (CCoV) and Canine Parvovirus Type 2 (CPV) are both pathogens that cause gastroenteritis in dogs. Out of a total 809 dogs exhibiting symptoms of diarrhea and vomiting. Using the diagnostic method with the CPV/CCoV Ag test, 82 samples tested positive for Parvovirus, 64 samples tested positive for Coronavirus, and 21 samples were positive for both Parvovirus and Coronavirus. The percentage of CCoV infection was 64.06% in dogs ≤12 months old and 35.94% in dogs >12 months old. Similarly, the prevalence of CPV by age was 81.70% in dogs ≤12 months old and 18.30% in dogs >12 months old. Thus, puppies were more commonly infected with CCoV and CPV compared to adult dogs. The infection rate did not differ by breeds (p > 0.05) but there were siginificant difference by age and sex (p ≤ 0.05). Common symptoms of both diseases include anorexia and fever (100%), thick stools, loose stools, (95.23%) and blood in the stool. Diagnosis using CPV and CCoV antigen tests showed a co-infection rate of 2.59%. Co-infection with Parvovirus and Coronavirus in dogs is a serious issue in veterinary medicine, affecting the health and lives of pets. If it is not detected and treated promptly, the mortality rate can reach up to 91%. The results of treatment showed that 76.20% of the infected dogs (16/21) were cured, while the mortality rate was 23.80%.
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How to Cite
Trinh Thi Lan Anh & Nguyen Vu Thuy Hong Loan. (2025). 7. Survey on co-infection of Parvovirus and Coronavirus in dogs and treatment efficacy. E-Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 9(1), 4637–4644. https://doi.org/10.46826/huaf-jasat.v9n1y2025.1190
Section
ANIMAL SCIENCE - VETERINARY MEDICINE - FISHERIES - ANIMALS
Copyright @ 2017-2025 by E-Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology
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Nguyễn Thị Yến Mai, Trần Ngọc Bích và Trần Văn Thanh. (2018). Tình hình bệnh Parvovirus trên chó tại Bệnh xá Thú y - Trường Đại học Cần Thơ. Tạp chí Khoa học Trường Đại học Cần Thơ, 54(4B), 45-49.
Nguyễn Như Pho. (2003). Bệnh Parvovirus và Care trên chó. NXB Nông nghiệp Hà Nội.
Trần Thanh Phong, 1996. Một số bệnh truyền nhiễm chính trên chó. Đại Học Nông Lâm Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh. Tủ sách trường Đại học Nông Lâm, 69-79.
Lê Minh Thành. (2009). Nghiên cứu bệnh viêm ruột do Parvovirus trên chó và hiệu quả điều trị tại bệnh xá thú y Trường Đại học Cần Thơ. Luận văn Thạc sĩ khoa học nông nghiệp chuyên ngành thú y, Trường Đại học Cần Thơ.
Bilge, K. T. (2022). Seroepidemiological and Clinicopathological Investigation of Canine
Coronavirus Infection in Dogs, in Türkiye. Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology, 10(10). 1884-1892, 2022. DOI: https://doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v10i10.1884-1892.5375
Canio, B. Vito, M.., Annamaria, P.., Maria, T.., Alessandra, C.., Francesco, M., Giorgia, S., Giovanni, F., Marta, C., Giuseppa, P., Elisabetta, Nicola, D., Domenico, V., Francesco, A., Calogero, C., & Annalisa, G. (2024). Molecular epidemiology of canine parvovirus type 2 in Sicily, southern Italy: A geographical island, an epidemiological continuum. Heliyon, 10(4), 1-8. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e26561
Decaro, N. & Buonavoglia, C. (2008). An update on canine coronaviruses: viral evolution and pathobiology Veterinary Microbiology, 132 . pp. 221-234. DOI: https://doi: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2008.06.007.,
Decaro N. &Buonavoglia C., (2011). Canine Parvovirus: not only an enteric pathogen. The Veterinary clinics of North America, Small Animal Practice, 41(6), 1121-1132. DOI: https://doi:10.1016/j.cvsm.2011.07.005
Greene & Decaro. (2012). Infectious Diseases of the Dog and Cat, fourth ed., W.B. Saunders Philadelphia, USA, in press.
Kumar, A., Sahadeb, D. Sumit, M. (2014). Incidence and Risk Assessment of Cardiac Arrhythmias in Dogs with Respect to Age, Breed, Sex and Associated Biochemical Changes. Advances in Animal and Veterinary Sciences 2 (x): xxxxx. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14737/journal.aavs/2014/
Kaur, G., Chandra, M., Dwivedi, P. & Sharma, N., (2014). Antigenic typing of canine Parvovirus using differential PCR.Virus disease, 25(4), 481-487. DOI: https://doi: 10.1007/s13337-014-0232-x
Marques, S., E. Gomes-Neves, C.S. Baptista, F. R. Pereira, A. Alves-pereira, P. Osório and A. Müller (2023): A survey on vaccination and disease occurrence in municipal and nonprofit animal shelters in Portugal. Animals, 13, 2723. DOI: https://doi.org/ 10.3390/ani13172723
Mazzaferro, E. M. (2020): Update on canine parvoviral enteritis. Veterinary Clinics of North America: Small Animal Practice, 50, 1307-1325. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j. cvsm.2020.07.008
McCandlish, A. (1998). Canine parvovirus infection, In: NeilT. German, Canine Medicine and Therapeutics, Fourth edition, 127-130, BlackwellScience
Ngonda, S. King, S.N., Ethel, M. Joyce, S. (2016). Seroprevalence of Canine Parvovirus in Dogs in Lusaka District, Zambia. Journal of Veterinary Medicine. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/9781357.
Pratelli A., Martella V., Elia G., Tempesta M., Guarda F., Capucchio M.T., Carmichael L.E., Buonavoglia C. (2001). Severe Enteric Disease in an Animal Shelter Associated with Dual Infections by Canine Adenovirus Type 1 and Canine Coronavirus. Journal of Veterinary Medicine B: Infectious Diseases and Veterinary Public Health, 48,385-392. DOI: https://doi.org/ 10.1046/j.1439-0450.2001.00466.x
Pratelli, A., Tempesta, M., Roperto, F.P., Sagazio, P., Carmichael, L. &Buonavoglia, C. (1999). Fatal coronavirus infection in puppies following canine parvovirus 2b infection. Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation. 11,550-553. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/104063879901100615
Sara, M., Eduarda, G. N., Cláudia, S. B., Francisca, R. P., Adélia, A. P., Pedro, O. and Alexandra, M. (2023). A Survey on Vaccination and Disease Occurrence in Municipal and Non-Profit Animal Shelters in Portugal. Animals, 13, 2723. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ani13172723
Pratelli, A., Tinelli, A., Decaro, N., Martella, V., Camero, M., Tempesta, M., & Buonavoglia, C. (2004). Safety and efficacy of a modified-live canine Parvovirus vaccine in dogs. Veterinary Microbiology, 99(1), 43-49. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetmic.2003.07.009
Singh, D., Verma, A.K, Kumar, A., Srivastava, M., Singh, S.K., Tripathi, A. K., Srivastava, A., Ahmed I. (2013). Detection of canine Parvovirus by polymerase chain reaction assay and its prevalence in dogs in and around Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India. American Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3923/ajbmb.
Tekelioglu, B. K. (2022). Seroepidemiological and Clinicopathological Investigation of Canine Parvovirus Infection in Dogs, in Türkiye. Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology, 10(10), 18841892. DOI: https://doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v10i10.1884-1892.5375
Tennant, B.J., Gaskell, R.M., Kelly, D.F., Carter, S.D., Gaskell, C.J. (1991). Canine coronavirus infection in the dog following oronasal inoculation. Research in Veterinary Science, 51, 11-18. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0034-5288(91)90023-h
Uwatoko, K., Sunairi, M., Nakajima, M., Yamaura, K. (1995): Rapid method utilizing the polymerase chain reaction for detection of canine parvovirus in feces of diarrheic dogs. Veterinary Microbiology, 43, 315323. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0378-1135(94)00102-3